Ka nts'etsopele e kholo ea likhoele tsa lik'hemik'hale, ho na le mefuta e mengata ea likhoele. Ho phaella likhoeleng tse akaretsang, mefuta e mengata e mecha e kang likhoele tse khethehileng, likhoele tse entsoeng ka metsoako le likhoele tse fetotsoeng li hlahile likhoeleng tsa lik’hemik’hale. E le ho nolofatsa tsamaiso ea tlhahiso le tlhahlobo ea lihlahisoa, ho hlokahala boitsebiso ba saense ba likhoele tsa masela.
Khethollo ea fiber e kenyelletsa ho tsebahatsa litšobotsi tsa morphological le ho tsebahatsa thepa ea 'mele le ea lik'hemik'hale. Hangata ho sebelisoa ha microscopic observation ho khetholla likarolo tsa morphological.
Ho na le mekhoa e mengata ea ho khetholla thepa ea 'mele le ea lik'hemik'hale, joalo ka mokhoa oa ho tuka, mokhoa oa ho qhibiliha, mokhoa oa ho etsa mebala oa reagent, mokhoa oa ho qhibiliha, mokhoa o ikhethileng oa matla a khoheli, mokhoa oa birefringence, mokhoa oa X-ray diffraction le mokhoa oa ho monya infrared, jj.
1.Mokhoa oa ho shebella ka microscope
Ho sebelisa maekorosekopo ho bona sebopeho sa longitudinal le cross-sectional morphology of fibers ke mokhoa oa mantlha oa ho tsebahatsa likhoele tse fapaneng tsa masela, 'me hangata o sebelisoa ho khetholla mekhahlelo ea likhoele. Likhoele tsa tlhaho e ’ngoe le e ’ngoe e na le sebōpeho se khethehileng se ka tsejoang ka nepo ka tlas’a microscope. Ka mohlala, likhoele tsa k'hothone li bataletse ka lehlakoreng la longitudinal, li na le ho sotheha ha tlhaho, karolo e pota-potileng letheka, le sebaka se bohareng. Boea bo kobehile ka bolelele, bo na le makhakhapha ka holim'a metsi, 'me bo pota-potile kapa bo chitja ka karolo e tšekaletseng. Boea bo bong bo na le pith bohareng. Jute e na le likhoto tse tšekaletseng le mela e emeng ka lehlakoreng la longitudinal, karolo ea sefapano ke polygonal, 'me karolo e bohareng e kholo.
2.Mokhoa oa ho tuka
E 'ngoe ea mekhoa e tloaelehileng ea ho khetholla likhoele tsa tlhaho. Ka lebaka la phapang ea lik'hemik'hale tsa likhoele, litšobotsi tsa ho tuka le tsona li fapane. Likhoele tsa cellulose le likhoele tsa protheine li ka khetholloa ho ea ka boiketlo ba ho chesa likhoele, ebang ke thermoplastic, monko o hlahisoang nakong ea ho chesa, le litšobotsi tsa molora ka mor'a ho chesa.
Likhoele tsa cellulose tse kang k'hothone, hemp le viscose li chesa ka potlako ha li kopana le lelakabe, 'me li tsoela pele ho tuka ka mor'a hore li tlohe lelakabe, ka monko oa pampiri e tukang, li siea molora o monyenyane o bohlooho ka mor'a ho chesa; likhoele tsa protheine tse kang boea le silika li chesa butle ha li kopana le lelakabe, 'me li tlohela lelakabe Ka mor'a moo, e ile ea tsoela pele ho tuka butle, ka monko oa masiba a tukang, e siea molora o motšo o hlabang ka mor'a ho chesa.
| mofuta oa fiber | haufi le lelakabe | ka malakabe | tlohela lelakabe | monko o tukang | Foromo ea masalla |
| Tencel fiber | Ha ho na ho qhibiliha ebile ha ho na ho fokotseha | chesa kapele | dula o tuka | pampiri e cheleng | molora o moputsoa o motsho |
Modal fiber | Ha ho na ho qhibiliha ebile ha ho na ho fokotseha | chesa kapele | dula o tuka | pampiri e cheleng | molora o moputsoa o motsho |
| fiber ea bamboo | Ha ho na ho qhibiliha ebile ha ho na ho fokotseha | chesa kapele | dula o tuka | pampiri e cheleng | molora o moputsoa o motsho |
| Viscose fiber | Ha ho na ho qhibiliha ebile ha ho na ho fokotseha | chesa kapele | dula o tuka | pampiri e cheleng | molora o monyane o mosoeu |
| fiber ea polyester | honyela qhibidiha | Pele e qhibiliha ebe e chesa, ho na le tharollo e rothang | e ka lelefatsa ho chesa | monko o khethehileng | Bolo e thata e bosootho bo lefifi |
3.Mokhoa oa ho qhala
Li-fiber li khetholloa ho ea ka ho qhibiliha ha likhoele tse fapaneng tsa masela ho li-agent tse fapaneng tsa lik'hemik'hale. Hangata solvent e le 'ngoe e ka qhala mefuta e sa tšoaneng ea likhoele, kahoo ha u sebelisa mokhoa oa ho qhibiliha ho khetholla likhoele, hoa hlokahala ho tsoela pele ho etsa liteko tse fapaneng tsa ho qhibiliha ha solvent ho netefatsa mofuta oa likhoele tse khethiloeng. Mokhoa oa ho qhibiliha Ha ho khetholla likarolo tse tsoakiloeng tsa lihlahisoa tse kopantsoeng, motsoako o le mong o ka sebelisoa ho qhaqha likhoele tsa motsoako o mong, ebe motsoako o mong o ka sebelisoa ho qhaqha likhoele tsa motsoako o mong. Mokhoa ona o ka boela oa sebelisoa ho sekaseka sebopeho le litaba tsa likhoele tse fapaneng lihlahisoa tse tsoakiloeng. Ha mahloriso le mocheso oa solvent li fapane, ho qhibiliha ha fiber ho fapane.
Fiber e lokelang ho tsejoa e ka kenngoa ka har'a tube ea teko, e kenngoa ka motsoako o itseng, e tsosoa ka molamu oa khalase, 'me ho qhibiliha ha fiber ho ka bonoa. Haeba palo ea likhoele e le nyane haholo, sampole e ka boela ea beoa ka selaeteng sa khalase sa concave se nang le bokaholimo ba concave, se rothang ka solvent, se koahetsoeng ka slide ea khalase, 'me se shebiloe ka kotloloho tlas'a microscope. Ha u sebelisa mokhoa oa ho qhibiliha ho khetholla likhoele, motsoako oa solvent le mocheso o futhumatsang o lokela ho laoloa ka thata, 'me tlhokomelo e lokela ho lefshoa ho lebelo la ho qhibiliha ha likhoele. Tšebeliso ea mokhoa oa ho qhibiliha e hloka kutloisiso e nepahetseng ea mefuta e sa tšoaneng ea lik'hemik'hale tsa fiber, 'me mekhoa ea ho hlahloba e rarahane.
Ho na le mekhoa e mengata ea ho khetholla likhoele tsa masela. Ha e le hantle, mokhoa o le mong o ke ke oa sebelisoa, empa mekhoa e mengata e hlokahalang bakeng sa tlhahlobo e feletseng le lipatlisiso. Mokhoa oa ho tsebahatsa ka mokhoa o hlophisitsoeng oa likhoele ke ho kopanya ka mahlale mekhoa e mengata ea boitsebahatso.
Nako ea poso: Oct-06-2022