Me ka ulu nui ʻana o nā fiber kemika, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā ʻano o nā fibers. Ma waho aʻe o nā fiber maʻamau, nui nā ʻano hou e like me nā fiber kūikawā, nā fiber composite, a me nā fibers i hoʻololi ʻia i ʻike ʻia i loko o nā fiber kemika. I mea e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka hoʻokele hana a me ka nānā ʻana i nā huahana, pono ka ʻike ʻepekema o nā fiber textile.
Hoʻokomo ka ʻike fiber i ka ʻike ʻana i nā hiʻohiʻona morphological a me ka ʻike ʻana i nā waiwai kino a me nā mea kemika. Hoʻohana mau ʻia ka nānā ʻana microscopic e ʻike i nā hiʻohiʻona morphological.
Nui nā ʻano e ʻike ai i nā waiwai kino a me nā mea kemika, e like me ke ʻano o ka puhi ʻana, ke ʻano dissolution, ke ʻano kala reagent, ke ʻano melting point, ke ʻano gravity kikoʻī, ke ʻano birefringence, ke ʻano o ka diffraction X-ray a me ke ʻano infrared absorption spectroscopy, etc.
1.Microscope nānā 'ana
ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi microscope e nānā i ka morphology longitudinal a me ka cross-sectional o nā fibers ke ala kumu e ʻike ai i nā ʻano lole lole, a hoʻohana pinepine ʻia e ʻike i nā ʻano fiber. He ʻano kūikawā ko kēlā me kēia fiber maoli i hiki ke ʻike pono ʻia ma lalo o kahi microscope. No ka laʻana, palahalaha nā pulupulu pulupulu ma ka ʻaoʻao lōʻihi, me ka wili maoli, ka ʻaoʻao kea o ka pūhaka, a me ka lua waena. Ua wili ʻia ka huluhulu ma ka longitudinally, he mau unahi ma ka ʻili, a he poepoe a oval paha ma ka ʻāpana keʻa. Aia kekahi hulu hipa ma waena. Loaʻa i ka jute nā puʻupuʻu ākea a me nā kaha kū pololei ma ka ʻaoʻao longitudinal, polygonal ka pauku keʻa, a nui ka lua waena.
2. Keʻano o ke ahi
ʻO kekahi o nā ala maʻamau e ʻike ai i nā fiber maoli. Ma muli o ka ʻokoʻa o ka hui kemika o nā fibers, ʻokoʻa nō hoʻi nā ʻano puhi. Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā fiber cellulose a me nā protein e like me ka maʻalahi o ka puhi ʻana i nā fibers, inā he thermoplastic lākou, ka ʻala i hana ʻia i ka wā o ke ahi, a me nā ʻano o ka lehu ma hope o ke ahi ʻana.
ʻO nā pulupulu cellulose e like me ka pulupulu, ka hemp, a me ka viscose e wela koke i ka wā e hui pū ai lākou me ka lapalapa, a hoʻomau i ke ahi ma hope o ka haʻalele ʻana i ke ahi, me ke ʻala o ka pepa ʻā, e waiho ana i kahi liʻiliʻi o ka lehu hina hina ma hope o ka puhi ʻana; ʻO nā pulupulu pulupulu e like me ka hulu hipa a me ke kilika e wela mālie ke pili me ka lapalapa, a haʻalele i ka lapalapa Ma hope o ia, hoʻomau ʻia ke ahi mālie, me ka ʻala o ka hulu ʻā, e waiho ana i ka lehu ʻeleʻele ma hope o ke ahi ʻana.
| ʻano fiber | kokoke i ka lapalapa | i ke ahi | waiho i ka lapalapa | ʻala ʻā | ʻAno koena |
| Tencel fiber | ʻAʻohe heheʻe a ʻaʻohe emi | puhi koke | e aa mau | pepa puhi | lehu ʻeleʻele hina |
ʻO ke kala kala | ʻAʻohe heheʻe a ʻaʻohe emi | puhi koke | e aa mau | pepa puhi | lehu ʻeleʻele hina |
| pulu ʻohe | ʻAʻohe heheʻe a ʻaʻohe emi | puhi koke | e aa mau | pepa puhi | lehu ʻeleʻele hina |
| Viscose fiber | ʻAʻohe heheʻe a ʻaʻohe emi | puhi koke | e aa mau | pepa puhi | he lehu keʻokeʻo liʻiliʻi |
| poliester fiber | emi hehee | E hoʻoheheʻe mua a laila e puhi, aia ka hāʻule kulu | hiki ke hooloihi i ke ahi | mea ʻala kūikawā | Poʻo ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele paʻakikī |
3.Dissolution ala
Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā fibers e like me ka solubility o nā fiber textile like ʻole i nā mea kemika like ʻole. Hiki i kekahi mea hoʻoheheʻe ke hoʻoheheʻe pinepine i nā ʻano fibers, no laila ke hoʻohana ʻana i ke ʻano hoʻoheheʻe e ʻike ai i nā fibers, pono e hoʻomau i nā hoʻāʻo hoʻoheheʻe ʻokoʻa e hōʻoia i ke ʻano o nā fibers i ʻike ʻia. Ke ala hoʻoheheʻe I ka ʻike ʻana i nā ʻāpana hui ʻana o nā huahana i hui ʻia, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kekahi mea hoʻoheheʻe e hoʻopau i nā fibers o kekahi mea, a laila hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kekahi mea hoʻoheheʻe e hoʻopau i nā fibers o ka mea ʻē aʻe. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kēia ʻano hana no ka nānā ʻana i ka haku mele a me ka ʻike o nā fibers like ʻole i nā huahana i hui ʻia. Ke ʻokoʻa ka ʻike a me ka mahana o ka solvent, ʻokoʻa ka solubility o ka fiber.
Hiki ke hoʻokomo ʻia ka fiber e ʻike ʻia i loko o kahi paipu hoʻāʻo, hoʻokomo ʻia me kekahi mea hoʻoheheʻe, hoʻoulu ʻia me ke koʻokoʻo aniani, a hiki ke ʻike ʻia ka hemo ʻana o ka fiber. Inā he liʻiliʻi loa ka nui o nā fibers, hiki ke hoʻokomo ʻia ka hāpana i loko o kahi paheʻe aniani concave me kahi ʻili concave, kulu ʻia me ka solvent, uhi ʻia me ka pahe aniani, a nānā pono ma lalo o ka microscope. I ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke ʻano hoʻoheheʻe e ʻike ai i nā fibers, pono e mālama pono ʻia ka neʻe ʻana o ka solvent a me ka mahana wela, a pono e uku ʻia i ka wikiwiki o ka hemo ʻana o nā fibers. Pono ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke ʻano dissolution i ka hoʻomaopopo pololei ʻana i nā waiwai kemika fiber, a paʻakikī nā kaʻina hana.
Nui nā ʻano ʻike no ka fiber textile. I ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kahi ala hoʻokahi, akā pono nā ʻano hana no ka nānā ʻana a me ka noiʻi. ʻO ke kaʻina hana o ka ʻike pono ʻana o nā fiber, ʻo ia ka hoʻohui ʻepekema i kekahi mau ʻano ʻike.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Oct-06-2022