Tare da babban ci gaba na zaruruwan sinadarai, ana samun ƙarin nau'ikan zaruruwa. Baya ga filaye na gabaɗaya, sabbin nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan zaruruwa na musamman, filaye masu haɗaka, da filaye da aka gyara sun bayyana a cikin zaruruwan sinadarai. Don sauƙaƙe gudanarwar samarwa da bincike na samfur, ana buƙatar gano ilimin kimiyya na zaruruwan yadi.
Fahimtar fiber ya haɗa da gano halayen halittar jiki da gano abubuwan zahiri da sinadarai. Ana amfani da duban ƙananan ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta don gano abubuwan da ke faruwa.
Akwai hanyoyi da yawa don gano kaddarorin jiki da sinadarai, irin su hanyar konewa, hanyar rushewa, hanyar canza launin reagent, hanyar narkewa, takamaiman hanyar nauyi, hanyar birefringence, hanyar rarrabawar X-ray da hanyar infrared absorption spectroscopy, da sauransu.
1.Hanyar duba microscope
Yin amfani da na'urar hangen nesa don lura da tsayayyen tsarin halittar fibers shine hanya ta asali don gano filaye daban-daban, kuma galibi ana amfani dashi don gano nau'ikan fiber. Filayen halitta kowanne yana da siffa ta musamman wacce za'a iya gano ta daidai a ƙarƙashin na'urar gani. Misali, filayen auduga suna da lebur a kan madaidaiciyar hanya, tare da jujjuyawar yanayi, sashin giciye-zagaye, da rami na tsakiya. Furen yana lanƙwasa a tsayi, yana da ma'auni a saman, kuma yana da zagaye ko oval a ɓangaren giciye. Wasu ulu suna da rami a tsakiya. Jute ɗin yana da kulli a kwance da ratsi na tsaye a cikin madaidaiciyar hanya, ɓangaren giciye yana da polygonal, kuma rami na tsakiya yana da girma.
2.Hanyar konewa
Ɗaya daga cikin hanyoyin gama gari don gano filaye na halitta. Saboda bambancin nau'in sinadarai na zaruruwa, halayen konewa kuma sun bambanta. Za a iya bambanta fiber cellulose da fiber na furotin gwargwadon sauƙi na kona zaruruwan, ko suna da thermoplastic, warin da ake samu yayin konewa, da halayen toka bayan konewa.
Filayen cellulose irin su auduga, hemp, da viscose suna ƙonewa da sauri idan sun haɗu da harshen wuta, kuma suna ci gaba da ƙonewa bayan sun bar wuta, tare da ƙanshin takarda mai ƙonewa, suna barin ƙananan toka mai laushi bayan sun ƙone; Filayen furotin irin su ulu da siliki suna ƙonewa a hankali idan sun haɗu da harshen wuta, kuma suna barin wutan Bayan haka, ya ci gaba da ƙonewa a hankali, tare da ƙamshin gashin fuka-fuki, yana barin toka mai laushi bayan ya ƙone.
| nau'in fiber | kusa da harshen wuta | cikin harshen wuta | bar wuta | kona wari | Saura form |
| Tencel fiber | Babu narkewa kuma babu raguwa | ƙone da sauri | ci gaba da konewa | takarda kone | toka mai launin toka |
Modal fiber | Babu narkewa kuma babu raguwa | ƙone da sauri | ci gaba da konewa | takarda kone | toka mai launin toka |
| fiber bamboo | Babu narkewa kuma babu raguwa | ƙone da sauri | ci gaba da konewa | takarda kone | toka mai launin toka |
| Viscose fiber | Babu narkewa kuma babu raguwa | ƙone da sauri | ci gaba da konewa | takarda kone | karamin adadin toka-fari |
| polyester fiber | raguwa narke | Da farko narke sannan a ƙone, akwai ɗigon bayani | zai iya tsawaita konewa | ƙamshi na musamman | Gilashi mai duhu mai wuyar ƙwallon ƙafa |
3.Hanyar warwarewa
Zaɓuɓɓuka suna bambanta bisa ga narkewar zaruruwan yadi daban-daban a cikin nau'ikan sinadarai daban-daban. Sau da yawa sauran ƙarfi na iya narkar da zaruruwa iri-iri, don haka lokacin amfani da hanyar narkar da zaruruwa don gano zaruruwa, ya zama dole a ci gaba da yin gwaje-gwaje daban-daban na narkewa don tabbatar da nau'in zaruruwan da aka gano. Hanyar rushewa Lokacin gano abubuwan da aka gauraya na kayan da aka haɗe, ana iya amfani da sauran ƙarfi guda ɗaya don narkar da zaruruwan ɓangaren ɓangaren, sannan a iya amfani da wani sauran ƙarfi don narkar da zaren ɗayan. Hakanan za'a iya amfani da wannan hanyar don nazarin abun ciki da abun ciki na zaruruwa daban-daban a cikin samfuran gauraye. Lokacin da maida hankali da zafin jiki na sauran ƙarfi sun bambanta, solubility na fiber ya bambanta.
Za a iya sanya fiber ɗin da za a gano a cikin bututun gwaji, a yi masa allura da wani abu mai ƙarfi, a zuga shi da sandar gilashi, kuma ana iya ganin narkar da fiber ɗin. Idan adadin zaruruwan ƙanƙanta ne, samfurin kuma za a iya sanya shi a cikin faifan faifan gilashin concave tare da maɗaukakiyar farfajiya, an ɗigo da sauran ƙarfi, an rufe shi da faifan gilashi, kuma a lura da shi kai tsaye a ƙarƙashin na'urar gani. Lokacin amfani da hanyar narkar da don gano zaruruwa, ya kamata a kula da maida hankali na ƙarfi da zafin jiki mai zafi, kuma ya kamata a ba da hankali ga saurin narkar da zaruruwa. Yin amfani da hanyar rushewar yana buƙatar ingantaccen fahimtar nau'ikan sinadarai na fiber iri-iri, kuma hanyoyin dubawa suna da rikitarwa.
Akwai hanyoyin ganowa da yawa don zaruruwan yadi. A aikace, ba za a iya amfani da hanya ɗaya ba, amma ana buƙatar hanyoyi da yawa don cikakken bincike da bincike. Hanyar gano zaruruwa na tsari shine don haɗa hanyoyin ganowa da yawa a kimiyyance.
Lokacin aikawa: Oktoba-06-2022